The principle of ultraviolet sterilization is not so complicated, but the actual operation is not so simple. All known forms of life on Earth are based on DNA and RNA as reproduction and remains. When the cells multiply, the long chains in the DNA are opened. After opening, each long-chain A unit will look for T-unit binding, and each long chain can replicate the same chain as the other long-chain that has just been separated. The original DNA before the division became the basis of the new cells.

When ultraviolet light (C-band ultraviolet light) with a wavelength of 240-270 nm is directly irradiated, it can break the ability of DNA to produce protein and replicate. The DNA and RNA of bacterial viruses have been destroyed and their ability to produce proteins has been lost. Because of bacteria, viruses generally have short life cycles, and bacteria that cannot be propagated will quickly die.